The benefits of fitness are nearly self-evident. It facilitates weight control. It gives you more energy. Some people report being more creative too. (While running on the treadmill, I compose most of my posts, or solve design problems, in my head.) Working out contributes overall to your lifespan, improves the quality of your life, and combats complacency against our office-ridden, sedentary lives. Like mine!
Since the new year is here and many people make that push back to the gym around this time, I want to offer you a little, practical advice as you begin, or recommit yourself to fitness. I'm no stranger in the gym and just like you, I have a full time job, family obligations, and a part-time business to run. I've been working out, on and off, for about 20 years and an ardent believer of its health benefits. I've also studied nutrition and exercise in college.
This article is written mainly for the person who is interested in adding free weights to their routine, however the concepts discussed are applicable to general fitness.
Here are just a few concepts, I believe, you should consider before heading back to the gym.
The Body Basics
Most people want to lose weight, or to keep weight off. But when we talk of weight, what are we referring to? The body is primarily composed of two types of mass. Lean-body mass and fat mass. Lean-body mass are parts of the body that is non-storage fat. It includes essential body fat, muscle, tissue and organs, etc. Essential body fat is required to keep your body working properly. Muscles are composed of two different types of fibers. Type 1 and 2. Each fiber type is responsible for a different type of contraction. Fat mass is storage fat. It is fat that is non-essential and is the fat that you are most likely trying to lose.
Proper nutritional guidelines should be followed when beginning any weight training regimen according to the kind of training or any pre-existing medical condition. (Way beyond the scope of this article.) Check with a nutritionist.
Basically, you should expend more calories then you consume daily. In the case of men who want to increase muscle size and density, they should consume more protein in their diets. Proper nutrition and protein consumption can help you ward off over-training which can lead to muscle soreness – preventing you from sustaining your weight training efforts. And don't forget water. A good rule of thumb is to multiply your body weight by .55. The number, .55, represents ounces per pound. At 197 pounds, I should be drinking about 108 oz per day. That's just under a gallon! This is a general rule. Your particular training or health condition may require more or less.
Before and during your weight-training, you should get a Body Mass Composition test. It will determine the ratio of fat mass to lean mass of your body. I have tests going as far back as 1993. An Electrical Impedance test or a simple Skin-Fold test with calipers will provide you a very simple diagnostic tool in just a few short minutes.
Any weight training routine should be designed to increase, or maintain lean mass and catabolize fat mass. To do so, you should establish your goals and then plan accordingly.
The Planning
Jumping into the gym without goals or basic understanding of how the body adapts to constant weight training will probably lead to an unsuccessful attempt and boredom in the gym.
Please consider these recommendations.
Goals. What are your goals? Write them down. Lose fat, gain muscle? How much? Using the concepts of lean-body mass and fat mass, establish numbers for you to target to and achieve. My goal is to add 10 pounds of muscle, and lose 10 pounds of fat. There will be an overall weight balance. Once a week I weigh myself and write that number down in a log. (I have logs going back to 1993.) Presently, I weigh 197.1 pounds. What I am training for is ratio of lean mass to fat mass – not overall weight. Therefore, my weight should always hover around same number. Your goals are probably different. All that matters is something to objectively calibrate your training to.
Motivation and Frequency. To keep motivated, I've read of people of using a calender, crossing off each day they make it the gym. I use a similar strategy. (I use a journal.) You should honestly examine your schedule. What days and times can you commit too? Some people work out in the morning. If your evenings are already busy with family or other social events, you may want to consider mornings. Most morning gym rats I know, report feeling more energetic during the day. I'm an evening guy myself.
The Workout Basics
People's bodies rapidly adapt to the stresses we place on them. The body at all times strives to keep itself in a state of homeostasis. Therefore, any workout routine should take into consideration and apply the principles of Progressive Resistance and Workout Variety. Since muscle fiber consists of two type of fibers, Progressive Resistance is the strategy of slowly applying new loads to the muscle. You add heavier weight over a period of time. This requires the muscle to adapt to the new load placed on it. Muscle adapts by increasing the size and adding new fibers. By selecting a number of different exercise per muscle group – at last two, Workout Variety, is key to keeping your workout fresh. As you perform the exercise, be sure to pay attention to the Range of Motion. The Range of Motion is the "flexed position and the extended position of a particular joint or muscle group." Basically, the more full the is Range of Motion, the more you'll stimulate growth in your muscles.
The Gym. If you can only workout in the mornings, or perhaps you have odd hours, you may what to consider a "micro-gym" like Anytime Fitness or Snap. With a key fob, you can have access to high quality equipment at the will of your schedule. If the micro-gym is not your style - we are lucky in the Lake Country area to have some really great full service gyms. There are pro's and cons to each, just make sure you choose one that best fits your lifestyle and your training schedule. You should also observe the etiquette at the gym. Please, do not throw your weights down and be sure to break down equipment, return your weights and leave it sweat free, for the next user. Nothing annoys me, and others, more than that. I'm guaranteed to go in pirate mode and become more foul mouth than you can imagine.
I've kept a journal of my workouts since 1996. They are all stored in binder 8 inches thick. I write down what exercises I've done, how many reps per exercise completed, and give some indication how I felt after I've done it. Once I hit my goal with that exercise and can complete it in strict form, I increase the weight. This keeps the body adapting.
You might also want to consider bringing bottled water. I take 32 ounces to the gym. I usually consume the whole thing during my workout. It's nice because I can finish at least a one-quarter of my water requirements in a short time. I also wear a stop-watch to ensure that I don't rest to long between exercises. I usually take anywhere from thirty-seconds to two-minutes between each rep and each exercise. Also, I keep my workouts under an hour. Around 45 minutes. This creates a sense of urgency and really helps to focus my efforts in the gym. I go in for business, not to hang out. It's a matter of mindset here - keeping it serious. But that is my approach, yours will probably be different.
Also should consider the type clothing you'll wear to the workout. Personally, I do not like to wear cotton and shake my head at anyone wearing jeans or denim! (True stories!) I prefer wearing materials that are made of light polyester/spandex as they allow for better heat exchange - meaning, I don't get as sweaty and air can cool me better without heavy or constrictive clothing in the way.
Lastly, I do not recommend MP3 players or similar devices while your pushing heavy, unfamiliar weights around. As a newby, you should be concentrating on the form and range of motion of the particular exercise you are performing.
Sweat a lot? Bring a small hand towel!
The Workout
Now that you've decided to get back in the gym and have outlined your goals, selected your gym, your ready to start.
If your new to weight training, you should try to combine Compound Movement exercises, like squats, bench, press, or dead lifts. These Compound Movement exercises are great for overall development as they recruit a number of different muscle groups. The beauty of compound movements is that they recruit both types of fibers - type 1 and 2. For instance, if your goal is to chest build mass, I would recommend beginning with a bench press. This exercise is known to be a mass builder as it primarily works the pectorals major, and can lead to strength and development in your triceps and and lateral deltoids - the part of your shoulders that face front.
If we stay on the example of chest, after the chest press you should move on to strengthening the secondary muscle groups, like the shoulders and the triceps. The stronger these become, the more adapt you'll be at pressing overall. Many people like to include rows to develop the back - assuring symmetrical development in the two hemispheres of the body.
Since I am an advanced weight trainer, I have a schedule of four days on, three days off. Day 1: chest. Day 2: Back and shoulder. 3: Legs 4: Arms. I incorporate a few miles of running at the end of these days. When doing your sets, I recommend controlling the weight through its range of motion, using a 2-0-4 count. This duration will adequately place your muscle under stress, requiring the body to build bigger better muscle! And do not use excessive body language. Only the muscle should be worked! Control your weight and range of motion and you'll have a great workout every time.
My workouts consist of usually four exercises per group. I set a number of sets and reps, using Progressive Resistance. Once I can complete the goal of set and reps, I increase the weight by five to ten pounds. I then change the order and the exercises I do every 4 to 6 weeks. This keeps the days I train new and my body adapting.
On Body-for-Life, there are pretty good workouts with forms you can download to record your efforts in the gym.
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Obviously, I'm not fitness professional but a fitness enthusiast. Through the years, I have found very positive effects from what consistent exercise provides.
I am just your neighbor, but if you have any questions, feel free to contact me and I'll do my best to help you get started.
With that, I am off to the gym today for my Day 2 routine. I can't wait to push my posterior deltoids through an exhausting workout! I literally get hyped every day I go to the gym.
See you in the gym!